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| Three Phase Bidirectional Power/Energy Metering IC with Instantaneous Pulse Output SA2005F FEATURES n n n Functionally compatible with the SA9105F with reduced external components Performs bidirectional one, two or three phase power and energy measurement Meets the IEC 521/1036 Specification requirements for Class 1 AC Watt hour meters n n n n n n Operates over a wide temperature range Uses current transformers for current sensing Easily adaptable to different signal levels Precision voltage reference on chip Precision oscillator on chip. Protected against ESD sames DESCRIPTION The SAMES SA2005F is an enhancement of the SA9105F. A precision oscillator and the loop capacitors are integrated on chip. The SAMES SA2005F three phase bidirectional power/energy metering integrated circuit generates pulse rate outputs for positive and negative energy directions. The frequency of the pulses is proportional to the measured power consumption. The SA2005F performs active power calculation. The method of calculation takes the power factor into account. Energy consumption is determined by integrating the power measurement over time. This innovate universal three phase power/energy metering integrated circuit is ideally suited for applications such as residential and industrial energy metering and control. The SA2005F integrated circuit is available in 20 pin dual-inline plastic (DIP-20), and 20 pin small outline (SOIC-20) package types. VDD VSS PGM0 PGM1 IIN1 IIP1 IVN1 IIN2 IIP2 IVN2 IIN3 IIP3 IVN3 GND I1 X V1 I2 X V2 I3 X V3 INTEGRATE AND AVERAGE POWER TO PULSE RATE FOUT DIR REF TIMING & CONTROL OSC Dr-01570 VREF TEST Figure 1: Block Diagram TCLK SPEC-0042 (REV. 1) 1/10 03-07-00 SA2005F ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VDD = 2.5V, VSS = -2.5V, over the temperature range -10C to +70C#, unless otherwise specified.) Parameter Operating temp. Range Supply Voltage Supply Current Nonlinearity of Power Calculation Current Sensor Inputs (Diffferential) Input Current Range Voltage Sensor Input (Asymmetrical) Input Current Range Pins FOUT, DIR Output Low Voltage Output High Voltage sames Symbol TO VDD - VSS IDD Min -25 4.5 Typ Max +85 5.5 10 Unit C V mA Condition Output unloaded 1% - 100% of rated power -0.3 +0.3 % III -25 +25 A Peak value IIV VOL VOH fP -25 VDD-1 +25 VSS+1 A V V Hz Hz Hz Hz V V A V Peak value IOL = 5mA IOH = -2mA MODES 0, 1, 2 Specified linearity Min and Max limits MODE 3 Specified linearity Min and Max Limits Pulse Rate: FOUT 0 0 0 0 VDD-1 64 200 1160 3500 fP Pin PGM0, PGM1, TEST, TCLK High Voltage Low Voltage Pin VREF Ref. Current Ref. Voltage VIH VIL -IR VR VSS+1 45 1.1 50 55 1.3 With R = 24kW connected to VSS Referred to VSS ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Parameter Supply Voltage Current on any pin Storage Temperature Operating Temperature Symbol VDD -VSS IPIN TSTG TO Min -0.3 -150 -40 -40 Max 6.0 +150 +125 +85 Unit V mA C C *Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other condition above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification, is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. http://www.sames.co.za 2/10 3 SA2005F PIN DESCRIPTION PIN 16 6 14 17, 20, 3 19, 18, 2, 1, 5, 4 15 7, 10 8 Designation GND VDD VSS IVN1, IVN2, IVN3 Description sames Analog Ground. The voltage to this pin should be mid-way between VDD and VSS. Positive Supply voltage. Negative Supply voltage. The current into the A/D converter should be set at 14ARMS at nominal mains voltage. The voltage sense input saturates at an input current of 25A peak. Inputs from current sensors. The shunt resistor voltage from each channel is IIN1, IIP1, IIN2, IIP2, converted to a current of 16ARMS at rated conditions. The current sense input IIN3, IIP3 saturates at an input current of 25A peak. VREF TCLK, TEST FOUT This pin provides the connection for the reference current setting resistor. A 24kW resistor connected to VSS sets the optimum operating condition. Test inputs. For normal operation these pins must be connected to VSS. Pulse rate output. The pulse frequency is proportional to the sum of the power measured on all three phases. The pulse format also indicates the direction of energy flow. Direction output. This output indicates the direction of energy flow. FOUT Pulse format Select. These inputs define the FOUT pulse width and format. 9 12, 13 DIR PGM0, PGM1 ORDERING INFORMATION IIP2 IIN2 IVN3 IIP3 IIN3 VDD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 19 18 17 16 15 IVN2 IIN1 IIP1 IVN1 GND VREF Part Number SA2005FPA SA2005FSA Package DIP-20 SOIC-20 TEST FOUT DIR TCLK 14 VSS 13 12 11 PGM1 PGM0 NC DR-01571 Figure 2: Pin connections: Package: DIP-20, SOIC-20 http://www.sames.co.za 3/10 SA2005F FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The SAMES SA2005F is a CMOS mixed signal integrated circuit, which performs three phase power/energy calculations over a range of 1000:1, to an overall accuracy of better than Class 1. The SA2005F is functionally similar to the SA9105F. No external loop capacitors are required and an precision oscillator is integrated on chip. The integrated circuit includes all the required functions for 3phase power and energy measurement such as oversampling A/D converters for the voltage and current sense inputs, power calculation and energy integration. Internal offsets are eliminated through the use of cancellation procedures. The SA2005F generates pulses with a frequency proportional to the power measured. The pulse rate follows the instantaneous power measured. The pulse frequency is proportional to the total sum of the three phases. sames through clamping diodes, in conjunction with the amplifiers input configuration. The feedback loops from the outputs of the amplifiers AI and AV generate virtual shorts on the signal inputs. Exact duplications of the input currents are generated for the analog processing circuitry. Voltage Reference Connection (VREF) A bias resistor of 24k provides an optimum bias conditions on chip. Calibration of the SA2005F should be done on the voltage inputs of the device as described in Typical Applications. Current Sense Inputs (IIN1, IIP1, IIN2, IIP2, IIN3, IIP3) At rated current the resistor values should be selected for input currents of 16ARMS. Referring to figure 5, the resistors R1 and R2 on current channel 1, resistors R3 and R4 on current channel 2 and resistors R5 and R6 on current channel 3, define the current level into the current sense inputs of the SA2005F. The current sense inputs saturates at an input current of 25A peak. Resistors R25, R26 and R27 are the current transformer termination resistors. The voltage drop across the termination resistors should be at least 20mV at rated conditions. Values for the current sense inputs are calculated as follows: R1 = R2 = (IL / 16ARMS) x R25 / 2 R3 = R4 = (IL / 16ARMS) x R26 / 2 R5 = R6 = (IL / 16ARMS) x R27 / 2 Where: IL = Line current/CT-ratio V DD POWER CALCULATION In the application circuit (figure 5), the mains voltages from V1, V2 and V3, are converted to currents and applied to the voltage sense inputs IVP1, IVP2 and IVP3. The current levels on the voltage sense inputs are derived from the mains voltages (3 x 230VAC) being divided down to 14V through voltage dividers. The resulting input currents into the A/D converters are 14ARMS through the resistors R8, R9 and R10. For the current sense inputs the voltage drop across the current transformers terminating resistors are converted to currents of 16ARMS at rated conditions, by means of resistors R1, R2 (Phase 1); R3, R4 (Phase 2) and R5, R6 (Phase 3). The signals providing the current information are applied to the current sensor inputs IIN1, IIP1, IIN2, IIP2 and IIN3, IIP3. The output frequency of the SA2005F energy metering integrated circuit at rated conditions is 64Hz on FOUT (PGM0=0, PGM1=1). One pulse (measured in Watt second) correspond to an energy measured of 3 x IRATED x VRATED / 64Hz. For a more detailed description see the Input Signals section. IIP CURRENT SENSOR INPUTS VSS VDD AI IIN VSS VDD IVP VOLTAGE SENSOR INPUT V SS AV INPUT SIGNALS Analog Input Configuration The current and voltage sensor inputs are illustrated in figure 3. These inputs are protected against electrostatic discharge http://www.sames.co.za GND DR-01288 Figure 3: Analog Input Internal Configuration 4/10 SA2005F Voltage Sense Inputs (IVN1, IVN2, IVN3) The current into the voltage sense inputs (virtual ground) should be set to 14ARMS at rated voltage conditions. The individual mains voltages are divided down to 14VRMS per phase. The resistors R8, R9 and R10 set the current for the voltage sense inputs. The voltage sense inputs saturate at an input current of 25A peak. Pulse Programming Inputs (PGM0, PGM1) The pulse programming inputs PGM1 and PGM0 define the representation of energy measured by the device on FOUT. The table below shows the difference between the various modes. Mode PGM1 PGM0 0 1 2 3 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Frequency at rated conditions 64Hz 64Hz 64Hz 1160Hz Forward Pulse Width 1.14ms 1.14ms 1.14ms 71s Reverse Pulse Width 3.4ms 1.14ms 1.14ms 71s sames DIR as a logic 1. The DIR pin may be used to drive a LED in order to indicate reverse energy flow. Frequency Output (FOUT) The sum of the measured power, from the three phases produce a pulse rate of 64Hz or 1160Hz (mode 3), at rated conditions on FOUT. The format of the pulse output signal, which provides power/energy and direction information is shown in figure 4. Refer to Pulse Programming Inputs for pulse widths. The following equation may be used for calculating the output frequency: f = 11.16 x FOUTX x ((II1 x IV1)+(II2 x IV2)+(II3 x IV3)) / 3 x IR Where: FOUTX = Nominal rated frequency (64Hz/1160Hz) II1, II2, II3 = Input currents for current sensor inputs (16A at rated line current) IV1, IV2, IV3 = Input currents for voltage sensor inputs (14A at rated line voltage) IR = Reference current (typically 50A) An integrated anti-creep function ensures that no pulses are generated at zero line currents. Test Inputs (TCLK, TEST) The TEST and TCLK inputs are manufacturers test pins and must be connected to VSS in a metering application. OUTPUT SIGNALS Direction Indication (DIRO) The SA2005F indicates the measured energy flow direction on pin DIR. A logic 0 on pin DIR indicates reverse energy flow. Reverse energy flow is defined as the condition where the voltage sense input and current sense input are out of phase (greater than 90 degrees). Positive energy flow, when voltage sense and current sense input are in phase, is indicated on pin MODE 0 FOUT ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD) PROTECTION The SA2005F integrated circuit's inputs/outputs are protected against ESD. POWER CONSUMPTION The overall power consumption rating of the SA2005F integrated circuit is less than 50 mW with a 5V supply. MODE1 FOUT MODE2 FOUT MODE3 FOUT DIR DR-01582 Note: Frequency of pulse rate in MODE 3 is 18 times higher than other modes Figure 4: FOUT options http://www.sames.co.za 5/10 SA2005F TYPICAL APPLICATION In figure 5, the components required for the three phase power/energy metering section of a meter, is shown. The application uses current transformers for current sensing. The 4-wire meter section is capable of measuring 3x230V/80A with precision better than Class 1. The most important external components for the SA2005F integrated circuit are the current sense resistors, the voltage sense resistors as well as the bias setting resistor. sames VOLTAGE DIVIDER The voltage divider is calculated for a voltage drop of 14V. Equations for the voltage divider in figure 5 are: RA = R16 + R19 + R22 RB = R8 || (R13+P1) Combining the two equations gives: ( RA + RB ) / 230V = RB / 14V A 5k trimpot is used in each of voltage channel for meter calibration. The center position of the pot is used in the calculations. P1 = 2.5k and values for resistors R13 = 22k and R8 =1M is chosen. Substituting the values result in: RB = 23.9k RA = RB x (230V / 14V - 1) RA = 368.9k. Resistor values of R16, R19 and R22 is chosen to be 120k, 120k and 130k. The three voltage channels are identical so R14= R15= R16 = R17 = R18 = R19 and R20 = R21= R22. BIAS RESISTOR R7 defines all on-chip and reference currents. With R7=24kW, optimum conditions are set. Device calibration is done on the voltage inputs of the device. CT TERMINATION RESISTOR The voltage drop across the CT termination resistor at rated current should be at least 20mV. The CT's used have low phase shift and a ratio of 1:2500.The CT is terminated with a 2.7W resistor giving a voltage drop across the termination resistor 864mV at rated conditions (Imax for the meter). CURRENT SENSE RESISTORS The resistors R1 and R2 define the current level into the current sense inputs of phase one of the device. The resistor values are selected for an input current of 16A on the current inputs at rated conditions. According to equation described in the Current Sense inputs section: = (IL / 16A ) x RSH / 2 = 80A /2500 / 16A x 2.7W / 2 = 2.7kW IL = Line current / CT Ratio The three current channels are identical so R1 = R2 = R3 = R4 = R5 = R6. R1 = R2 http://www.sames.co.za 6/10 http://www.sames.co.za SA2005F NEUTRAL GND R14 R17 R20 R12 V3 In V2 In R15 R18 R21 P3 R11 R16 R19 R22 P2 R13 CT1 R1 R25 U1 19 IIN1 GND 16 GND 17 20 P1 R8 R9 R10 C5 V1In Figure 5: Application Circuit IVN1 R2 GND CT2 R26 R4 GND CT3 R27 R6 GND V3 Out V2 Out V1 Out VSS R7 15 14 VREF TEST VSS SA2002F VDD Dr-01572 18 IIP1 IVN2 C4 C3 VDD 7/10 R3 2 IIN2 IVN3 3 1 DIR IIP2 9 D1 R28 R5 5 IIN3 FOUT 8 VDD D2 R29 VSS VDD 4 PGM1 IIP3 PGM0 TCLK 13 12 10 R23 C2 7 6 VSS GND R24 C1 C6 sames sames VSS SA2005F Parts List for Application Circuit: Figure 5 Symbol U1 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 P1 P2 P2 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 LED1 LED2 CT1 CT2 CT3 Description SA2005F Resistor, 2.7k, 1/4W, 1% metal Resistor, 2.7k, 1/4W, 1% metal Resistor, 2.7k, 1/4W, 1% metal Resistor, 2.7k, 1/4W, 1% metal Resistor, 2.7k, 1/4W, 1% metal Resistor, 2.7k, 1/4W, 1% metal Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 1M, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 1M, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 1M, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 22k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 22k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 22k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 120k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 120k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 120k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 120k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 120k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 120k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 130k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 130k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 130k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 1k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 1k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 2.7R, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 2.7R, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 2.7R, 1/4W, 1%, metal Trim pot, 5k, Multi turn Trim pot, 5k, Multi turn Trim pot, 5k, Multi turn Capacitor, 220nF Capacitor, 220nF Capacitor, 820nF Capacitor, 820nF Capacitor, 820nF Capacitor, 820nF 3mm Light emitting diode 3mm Light emitting diode Current Transformer, TZ76 Current Transformer, TZ76 Current Transformer, TZ76 sames Detail DIP-20/SOIC-20 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 2 Note 2 Note 2 Note 3 Note 1: Resistor (R1 to R6) values are dependant on the selection of the termination resistors (R25 to R27) and CT combination. Note 2: Capacitor values may be selected to compensate for phase errors caused by the current transformers. Note 3: Capacitor C6 to be positioned as close as possible to supply pins VDD and VSS of U1 as possible. http://www.sames.co.za 8/10 SA2005F NOTES: sames http://www.sames.co.za 9/10 SA2005F PM9607AP sames DISCLAIMER: The information contained in this document is confidential and proprietary to South African Micro-Electronic Systems (Pty) Ltd ("SAMES") and may not be copied or disclosed to a third party, in whole or in part, without the express written consent of SAMES. The information contained herein is current as of the date of publication; however, delivery of this document shall not under any circumstances create any implication that the information contained herein is correct as of any time subsequent to such date. SAMES does not undertake to inform any recipient of this document of any changes in the information contained herein, and SAMES expressly reserves the right to make changes in such information, without notification, even if such changes would render information contained herein inaccurate or incomplete. SAMES makes no representation or warranty that any circuit designed by reference to the information contained herein, will function without errors and as intended by the designer. Any sales or technical questions may be posted to our e-mail address below: energy@sames.co.za For the latest updates on datasheets, please visit our web site: http://www.sames.co.za. SOUTH AFRICAN MICRO-ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS DIVISION OF LABAT TECHNOLOGIES (PTY) LTD Tel: (012) 333-6021 Tel: Int +27 12 333-6021 Fax: (012) 333-8071 Fax: Int +27 12 333-8071 P O BOX 15888 33 ELAND STREET LYNN EAST 0039 REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 33 ELAND STREET KOEDOESPOORT INDUSTRIAL AREA PRETORIA REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA http://www.sames.co.za 10/10 |
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